Zaraki KenpachiEmphasizing U.S. commitments on climate change and the economic opportunity in confronting global warming, President Biden kicked off the first international summit of world leaders during his presidency on Thursday. He announced that the United States would cut its greenhouse gas emissions in half, from 2005 levels, by the end of the decade.
Biden and Vice President Harris began the summit with remarks from the White House’s East Room.
As he has repeatedly done, Biden framed the proposed dramatic shift not as a collective sacrifice, but rather, a chance to grow industrial jobs across the country. “I see autoworkers building the next generation of electric vehicles,” Biden said. “I see the engineers and the construction workers building new carbon capture and green hydrogen plants.”
The summit includes Chinese President Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and German Chancellor Angela Merkel, among others.
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Pope Francis, an outspoken advocate for more aggressive global climate action, has a featured speaking role.
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The White House has increasingly framed much of its foreign policy around countering China, so it was notable that Xi was the first leader of another nation to speak after U.S. officials. China is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, nearly doubling U.S. levels in recent years and funding coal power in various countries.
“China has committed to move from carbon peak to carbon neutrality in a much shorter time span than what might take many developed countries, and that requires extraordinary hard efforts from China,” said Xi. “We will strictly control coal-fired power generation projects. We will strictly limit the increase in coal consumption.”
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As world leaders took turns offering opening remarks, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson colorfully echoed Biden’s jobs-focused frame for climate action.
Biden’s climate envoy, former Secretary of State John Kerry, spent the weeks leading up to the summit traveling the world, visiting China, India and several other countries, in order to build international support for the event. The White House is framing the meeting as one of several key moments leading up to a November conference in Scotland, where leaders will update the 2015 Paris climate agreement.
The U.S. left that agreement under the Trump administration. Biden began the process of rejoining it on his first day in office.
The summit is a major symbolic step toward fulfilling central themes of Biden’s run for president: a promise to repair the United States’ damaged relationship with the rest of the world and recommit the country to global efforts to stem the damage of climate change.
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“The U.S. is back in the game,” Biden’s national climate adviser, Gina McCarthy, recently told the NPR Politics Podcast. “Clearly, I wish we didn’t lose the four years of the prior administration, and I wish we could take that time back because the time is now to really make big moves forward. But we are ready and poised to … make a strong commitment.”
McCarthy had told NPR that the summit was “not a time when I think we have to apologize for the past,” and Biden did not directly address the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement.
Biden regularly talked about convening a climate summit during his run for the White House, but because of the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, the summit will look and feel very different from the usual gatherings of heads of government.
This 2017 photo from the International Space Station shows smoke from wildfires in Ventura County, Calif. The increasing human and economic toll of extreme weather events will underscore the urgency of President Biden’s message at a global summit focused on reducing carbon emissions.
Randy Bresnik/AP
The summit will be entirely virtual. For one thing, that means participating leaders will be joining in during all hours of the day or night, depending on their location. Secretary of State Antony Blinken acknowledged that fact by beginning his statement by wishing everyone a “good morning, good afternoon, good evening.”
“Time zones don’t make it straightforward,” an administration official conceded on a call with reporters.
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To compensate for that challenge, the summit will be spread out across two days, mostly taking place during the morning hours in Washington, D.C.
A virtual event also eliminates one of the more valuable dynamics of global summits for world leaders: the opportunity to meet one-on-one with each other, and hold information conversations at dinners and social sessions. “We are not having any side Zoom room bilateral discussions happening,” said another White House official.
It also creates more opportunities for technical snags. Harris’s and Biden’s opening remarks were briefly marred by a loud echo. And the summit’s video feed cut away from French President Emanuel Macron in the middle of his remarks, turning to Russian President Vladimir Putin, who sat silently for an awkwardly long period of time before beginning to speak.
Hugh Hay
